Migration and human rights: an approach to the Latin American context based on two organizations

Abstract

The global migration phenomenon is complex and driven by factors such as poverty, violence, political instability, and climate change, particularly affecting Latin American migrants who face violations of their human rights. The objective of this research was to assess the performance of the United Nations and the Organization of American States in protecting the human rights of these migrants. A qualitative approach was used, with a documentary design and bibliographic analysis, complemented by the application of the IADOV technique to 15 experts in migration and human rights to evaluate their satisfaction with the role of these organizations. The results showed that migrants are holders of human rights that must be comprehensively protected, supported by normative frameworks developed by both organizations. However, the Group Satisfaction Index (GSI) indicated an ambivalent and contradictory perception among experts regarding the effectiveness and impact of both organizations in defending migrants’ rights. The conclusions emphasize that, while both organizations are fundamental instruments for migrant protection, their effectiveness depends on state commitment and greater regional coordination. It is recommended to strengthen the training of involved actors, improve evaluation mechanisms, increase the participation of migrants and civil society, and promote policies addressing the structural causes of migration.