Bahlul” and “Mirat” Azerbaijani satirical magazines

Abstract

This article examines the relevance of the Azerbaijani satirical magazines Bahlul and Mirat, placing their contributions to Azerbaijani literature and culture within the context of socio-political transformation of the beginning of XX century. The main aim is to bring forward the role these magazines played in nation-building processes, socio-political critique, and challenging literary traditions. Bahlul, named after the folkloric figure synonymous with wit, resorted to satire as its way into contemporary social and political issue engagement, whereas Mirat, meaning "Mirror," did this through reflected critique on society's mores. Although inspired by Molla Nasreddin, both magazines built their tradition/vision of satire in the Azerbaijani literature, influencing in the process public opinion and fostering critical discourse. Thus, both magazines served as intellectual channels for humor entwined with reformism and protest. The enduring legacy of Bahlul and Mirat is a reflection of their pioneering role in merging satire with social commentary, a tradition that continues to reverberate in Azerbaijani culture.