Nanofiber technology and its potential use for sustainable agricultural development: a bibliometric review

Abstract

Contemporary agriculture requires innovative materials capable of increasing productivity and improving resource-use efficiency without compromising sustainability. This review analyzes the potential of polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) nanofibers produced by electrospinning from a structural design perspective. Through a systematic review based on the PRISMA methodology and a bibliometric analysis of 170 articles published between 2020 and 2026, a current predominance of applications in coatings and packaging for the food industry was identified, although scientific interest has increased since 2023. PVA stands out as a strategic polymer due to its ease of processing and compatibility with blends and hybrid systems, enabling applications in water retention, bioactive delivery, microbial support, and sensing. Despite challenges such as water solubility, field validation, and regulatory barriers, emerging areas such as controlled nutrient release and agricultural sensing show high potential. Overall, the review proposes a conceptual framework linking material architecture to agricultural performance and highlights the importance of integrating these technologies within social, economic, and territorial contexts to promote sustainable and equitable agriculture.