El impacto de las actividades extracurriculares en el desarrollo del liderazgo estudiantil: una revisión sistemática de la evidencia reciente

Resumen

This systematic review synthesizes recent evidence on the impact of extracurricular activities (ECAs) on student leadership development. Given the fragmented nature of existing research, this study aimed to clarify the overall effect of ECAs on student leadership and explore how different types of ECAs interact with student characteristics to influence leadership outcomes. A total of 9 studies published between 2020 and 2024 were identified through a comprehensive search of five electronic databases. The results indicate that most studies suggest a positive impact of ECAs on student leadership development. However, the magnitude and nature of this impact remain controversial, and the influence mechanisms vary. Some studies have explored the moderating role of student characteristics, but more research is needed in this area. Existing studies are limited by small sample sizes and over - reliance on self - reported data. Future research should focus on larger and more diverse samples, longitudinal research designs, and in - depth exploration of different types of ECAs. This review provides a foundation for educational institutions to design more effective leadership development programs and contributes to the advancement of knowledge in this field.